PyQt5系列教程(十一)按钮类控件

软硬件环境

• Windows 10 64bit
• Anaconda3 with python 3.7
• PyCharm 2020.1

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简介

在任何GUI设计中，按钮都是最重要的触发请求动作的方式，用来与用户进行交互操作。在PyQt5中按钮的基类是QAbstractButton，它提供了按钮的通用功能，但是它是抽象类，不能被实例化，必须由它的子类来实现不同形式、不同功能的按钮。本文讲述三种不同形式的按钮，QPushButton、QRadioButton和QCheckBox。

QPushButton

QPushButton是最常见的按钮，它的形状是长方形的。常用方法有

import sys
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QWidget, QCheckBox, QPushButton, QApplication

class Example(QWidget):

    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__()

        self.initUI()

    def initUI(self):
        pb = QPushButton('PushButton', self)
        pb.move(50, 50)
        pb.clicked.connect(self.buttonClicked)

        self.setWindowTitle('PushButton')
        self.show()

    def buttonClicked(self):
        print('Button is clicked.')

if __name__ == '__main__':
    app = QApplication(sys.argv)
    ex = Example()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())

QRadioButton

QRadioButton提供了一组可供选择的按钮和文本标签，用户只能选择其中之一。当按钮进行切换的时候，就会发送toggled信号。

import sys

from PyQt5.QtCore import *
from PyQt5.QtGui import *
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import *

class Example(QWidget):
    def __init__(self, parent=None):
        super(Example, self).__init__(parent)
        layout = QHBoxLayout()
        self.button1 = QRadioButton("Button1")
        self.button1.setChecked(True)
        self.button1.toggled.connect(lambda: self.buttonToggled(self.button1))
        layout.addWidget(self.button1)

        self.button2 = QRadioButton("Button2")
        self.button2.toggled.connect(lambda: self.buttonToggled(self.button2))
        layout.addWidget(self.button2)

        self.setLayout(layout)
        self.setWindowTitle("RadioButton")

    def buttonToggled(self, button):
        if button.text() == "Button1":
            if button.isChecked() == True:
                print(f"{button.text()} is selected.")
            else:
                print(f"{button.text()} is deselected.")

        if button.text() == "Button2":
            if button.isChecked() == True:
                print(f"{button.text()} is selected.")
            else:
                print(f"{button.text()} is deselected.")

if __name__ == '__main__':
    app = QApplication(sys.argv)
    example = Example()
    example.show()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())

QCheckBox

QCheckBox提供了一组带文本标签的复选框，用户可以选择多个选项。

import sys

from PyQt5.QtWidgets import *
from PyQt5.QtCore import *
from PyQt5.QtGui import *

class Example(QWidget):

    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__()

        layout = QHBoxLayout()

        self.checkbox1 = QCheckBox("CheckBox1")
        self.checkbox1.stateChanged.connect(lambda: self.checkboxChecked(self.checkbox1))
        layout.addWidget(self.checkbox1)

        self.checkbox2 = QCheckBox("CheckBox2")
        self.checkbox2.stateChanged.connect(lambda: self.checkboxChecked(self.checkbox2))
        layout.addWidget(self.checkbox2)

        self.setLayout(layout)
        self.setWindowTitle("CheckBox")

    def checkboxChecked(self, cb):
        if cb.text() == "CheckBox1":
            if cb.isChecked():
                print(f"{cb.text()} is checked.")
            else:
                print(f"{cb.text()} is unchecked.")

        if cb.text() == "CheckBox2":
            if cb.isChecked():
                print(f"{cb.text()} is checked.")
            else:
                print(f"{cb.text()} is unchecked.")

if __name__ == '__main__':
    app = QApplication(sys.argv)
    ex = Example()
    ex.show()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())

源码下载

https://github.com/xugaoxiang/learningPyQt5